This is really interesting question for me. How can we know that we all perceive the world in the same way? I don’t think there is really the way to tell if my blue is just the same as your blue, this has to do with our brain chemistry. Some say that Van Gogh painted under the influence of his disease or absinthe that made him see colors differently.

Some people have a sort of mixed sensation, the condition known as synaesthesia, a neurologically based phenomenon in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. I have a sort of that, called color-graphemic synesthesia. Letters and numbers all have a coloring to me. Yellow is for me number 2 and a letter S. It also works the other way around. You should have seen my notebooks from school, my teachers were puzzled but I didn’t even notice that I wrote something strange. I can’t explain that well, but for me it makes perfect sense. Who knows...

yup.

you do make sense

i've been thinking about this for ages and have concluded that it doesn't really make a difference how we perceive colour - although it is really interesting!

this is also mentioned in a book called 'the pig that wants to be eaten'

I really doubt it.  The colours we see depend on the condition of our eyes, plus our genetic make-up and even sex.  Men are reputedly very poor at distinguishing shades of red -- crimson, scarlet, cherry all look the same to them because they lack a full set of colour-vision genes on the Y-chromosome.  Certain eye problems can make you see things more yellow than your friends. 

I was always arguing with my mother about whether a certain bowl was blue or green: to her, it was blue, to me it was blue-green. 

Then there is colour-blindness and all it's variation: blue/red, colour-weak, etc.... 

So no, I don't think everyone perceives colours the same way.  There are ways to test for degrees fo colour perception but it's very hard to see through someone else's eyes.

Last season Liverpool had an away strip of a colour which I can only describe as turquoise.  I first noticed this when watching a match on the tele and I heard the commentator refer to the colour.  He may have said 'blue' or he may have said 'green', I don't remember.  What I do remember is that I saw the opposite colour.  There was no way that the colour was green (or blue) to me.  I concluded it must have been turquoise.

This is realy interesting. On average a human eye has about 7 million cones (color receptors). About 64% of the receptors are at the yellow/orange wavelength, 32% green and the remainder at indigo. These figures can and do vary, the ratio of yellow/orange to green can vary between individuals by up to 40 times. Even so, people generally  recognise colors in the same way. That is to say that they give light of a particular wavelength the same name

We can see light over almost one octave (from about 400nm to 700nm). We can detect a difference in wavelength of about 1nm. There is some variation in the wavelength at which the receptor exhibit maximum sensitivity between individuals, but even so we still generally recognise and report colors in the same way.

Given the facts above, it is quite obvious that the parts of our brain dealing with color vision are higly adaptive.

I think that when we argue about if something is green or blue or blue/green or turquoise, the argument is along the same lines as the man is tall, tallish, not so tall, very tall and so on.