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Is the speed of light truely constant?

As our universe expands, could there be a possibility that the speed of light isn't constant? As spacetime is very slowely stretched out following 13+ billions years of expansion, could the time taken for light to traverse spacetime also be stretched meaning the 'speed of light' really isn't constant? 

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  • Asked by wagsyd
  • on 2010-02-06 21:50:57
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Categories: Our universe.

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Paul_Pedant says:

Einstein was reduced to doing lecture tours for money in the 1950s (not unlike Tony Blair), and to make him more comfortable, they gave him a mature German-speaking chauffeur, who used to sit at the back of the lectures rather than in the cold car.

One day, the chauffeur joked that he could probably present the lecture as well as Einstein, and Albert suggested he did so that evening. The chauffeur presented the lecture with slides and notes, very successfully, while Einstein sat at the back of the hall wearing the chauffeur's cap.

At the end of the lecture, a member of the audience asked a penetrating and incisive question. Without missing a beat, the chauffeur replied: "Your question is so trivial, I will call on my chauffeur to answer it!"

Over to you, Jon!

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posted on 2010-02-09 14:48:43 | Report abuse

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Jon-Richfield says:

Who, ME??? How did I get into this?

I was going to give this one a miss because it was too vague, so I only saw your "over" by accident; sorry! 

For one thing, did the question assume that all light in all circumstances travelled at the same speed from all points of view? What? Even through glass? What counts as its speed if we say that it is slower through glass? Its progress through glass is a lot slower, but that is because photons stop from time to time to sniff at the charges and quantum states.  Then a few considerations concerning gravitational fields apply, though that is mainly a matter of frequency rather than speed, I suppose.

But what exactly do we mean by always the same speed? Sure, we define it as the same speed, but we could change the definition dynamically by assuming that time changes or something terribly philosophical, or more properly metaphysical. As I get older time seems to pass faster, but by what standards? How can time pass at any speed but the speed of light? What would that mean?

By the way, a physicist friend once demonstrated that there were major conveniences to defining c=1.  That means that light travels at 1 light second per second. It makes a lot of calculation very convenient. Of course, if you insist that 299792.458 kilometres is an inconvenient length for a pocket tape measure, then you simply change your unit of time to .00000333564 second (unless I miscounted the zeroes, but I am overdue for bed!) That way you could have a tape only 1 km long.

I hope your patience it pretty long too!  ;-)

 

Cheers,

 

Jon

 

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posted on 2010-02-10 20:31:37 | Report abuse


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Paul_Pedant says:

My first instinctive response to this was to refer to Lee Smolin "The Trouble With Physics", which relates that James Clerk Maxwell realised that electrical and magnetic fields generate each other in a way that propagates radiation in a straight line. From this theory he calculated the speed of the radiation and found it was identical to the known speed of light. Great unification! Speed of light determined by solid maths, so c is a universal constant.

At 04:00 today, woke up in a hot sweat. I would be OK if c was a dimensionless constant. But it is 2.98E8 metres/sec. Metres are 1.0E-8 of a quadrant of the earth's circumference along a line of longitude. Seconds are 1/86400 of the period of the earth's spin (relative to its varying position in orbit, no less). [Yes, there are now 'invariant' standards for these, but these are essentially copies of the original arbitrary units.]

So how does c have the gall to define itself in metres and seconds? What if mankind had standardised on the well-know furlong/firkin/fortnight measurement system instead?

My conclusion is that Maxwell's calculation has its roots in some experimental determination of the electrical and magnetic field strengths, which then introduce some combination of the units those experiments measured.

So the "universal constant" c is dependent on the assumption that electrostatic and magnetic forces have universally invariant constants of proportionality in them somewhere. Considering we do not understand gravity as applied to galaxies, and have had to invent unobservable dark matter and dark energy to retain universal gravity, I expect it is only a a matter of time before somebody needs to invent dark magnetism and dark charge in order to prop up the myth of invariance of c.

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posted on 2010-02-10 10:31:36 | Report abuse


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