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Questioning the conventional wisdom about itches and not scratching them.

The widespread belief is that one should not scratch an itch as this may lead to infection.  Seems pretty obvious and I'm sure there's plenty of evidence of the truthfulness of this idea.  But if that's so, then why has evolutionary selection pressure resulted in the experience of the itch sensation and the behavior (desire) to scratch it?  Certainly, if such behavior was in the main more dangerous from an infection and disease standpoint, it should have been swiftly deleted from the gene pool of our species (and all the other species that also display this innate behavior, such as most other primates, as best as I can tell).

When I scratch an itch, I note that secretions appear on the skin's surface, sealing it and I hypothesize initiating an immune response.  Does this better train the immune system over the course of an organism's lifetime, and improve its odds for reproduction?  Is there some other key survival benefit for which the itch response is a necessary tag-along, getting a free ride over the course of natural selection?   I think there is some unrecognized value to the instinct of scratching one's itches.

We have learned in recent years that children raised in a protected sterile setting often develop asthma or other improper immune responses, and that those raised on farms do better--subjected to many immune system challenges.  I wonder if scratching one's itches falls into the same category and has a value the medical profession is ignoring.

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  • Asked by JimL
  • on 2010-07-27 22:08:07
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Last edited on: 2010-07-28 22:30:10

Categories: Human Body.

Tags: evolution, Itchy, immuneresponse, selectiveadvantage.

 

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Paul_Pedant says:

Ah, evolution again.

The itch/scratch reaction is an evolutionary development that disposes of parasites before they burrow into your skin, or to get their eggs and larvae off you or out of you, and to remove splinters and stings before they infect you.

Then some nasty diseases like smallpox, chickenpox and plague came along. Their evolutionary adaptation is to make you itch so that you break your skin, release the pustules that carry their spores, and spread them to your family on your hands. That (and the horrible scars that smallpox gives you) is the reason that scratching is socially discouraged now.

Of course, scratching was also an admission you had body lice, so a bit of a social stigma there, too.

 

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Tags: evolution, Itchy, immuneresponse, selectiveadvantage.

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posted on 2010-07-28 16:24:12 | Report abuse

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JimL status says:

You raise an interesting point in that it is hard (impossible?) to nail down exactly when during evolution a particular behavior began, vs. the times when these various classes of pathogen arrived on the scene.  How can we know that scratching came before, say, smallpox?  Food for thought.  I have an itch to learn more.

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Tags: evolution, Itchy, immuneresponse, selectiveadvantage.

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posted on 2010-07-28 22:38:03 | Report abuse


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Jon-Richfield says:

Paul's response was largely what I had had in mind, and of course we could elaborate on the theme in various ways -- scratching for various adjustments to discomforting circumstances etc. However, Jim has a nice line in provocative ideas. I had not thought of "We have learned in recent years that children raised in a protected sterile setting often develop asthma or other improper immune responses, and that those raised on farms do better--subjected to many immune system challenges.  I wonder if scratching one's itches falls into the same category and has a value the medical profession is ignoring."

Well, I am sceptical to say the least. It might certainly happen I suppose, and there are other bodily adaptations that function as exposure of the immune system to antigens, tonsils, Peyer's patches and so on, but scratching seems a rather injurious way of achieving anything of the type. Still... the cells of Langerhans in one's skin...

Dunno. Still sceptical. All the same... Not a bad thought at all. Not that I would recommend scratching of course, but...

Dunno. But hard to test though.  Maybe exposing the skin to synthetic allergens in a double-blind exposure, some under patches that prevent scratching, some not...

Still dunno...

Well, you heard it from Jim first! Remember that when the Nobel committee comes by to make enquiries!

Still, this does not detract from my advice not to scratch mosquito bites and the like!

Any earth-shaking thoughts anyone?

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Tags: evolution, Itchy, immuneresponse, selectiveadvantage.

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posted on 2010-07-28 17:20:24 | Report abuse

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JimL status says:

This mystery leaves me scratching my head.

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posted on 2010-07-28 22:39:23 | Report abuse


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