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Why do fluorescent bulbs flash yellow when smashed?

If you have a current going through a fluorescent bulb tube and you smash it, for a split second there is a yellow flash as the gas escapes. What I'm wondering is what causes the yellow flash if the light coming out originally is a mix of colours that make white light?

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  • Asked by halflife
  • on 2010-09-08 22:53:11
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Tags: electricity, light, photons, ions, electrons.

 

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Jon-Richfield says:

I find your observation surprising, partly because I am not much in the habit of smashing fluorescent bulbs while they are switched on. However, the way they work actually is largely by fluorescence, hence the name. The way this works is that the gas that is excited by the electric current largely produces ultraviolet, which, also largely, is not visible to us, apart from being harmful if it could reach us. In any event, hardly any of the light produced is the light we see; instead what happens is that the ultraviolet excites the molecules of the substance lining the glass of the bulb, making it give off a mix of light frequencies that we find useful and harmless.

Some classes of fluorescent bulbs use sodium vapor as a component of their electrically excited gas. Such a yellow used to be popular for street lighting. It certainly is true that the glowing sodium vapour then shines yellow, though I am surprised that you should see that as a flash on breaking the bulb. As long as the bulb is intact, the yellow is dominated by the other wavelengths from the fluorescent layer, but I would have expected the entry of air to quench the sodium yellow too fast for you to see.'

Well, if you are right, then congratulations on your observation, and thanks for sharing.

Go well,

Jon

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posted on 2010-09-09 19:33:22 | Report abuse

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Georg says:

As long as the bulb is intact, the yellow is dominated by the other wavelengths from the fluorescent layer, but I would have expected the entry of air to quench the sodium yellow too fast for you to see.'

Sodium lamps never have some fluorescent lining.

They work at a rather high pressure, in order to have as much

"pressure line broadening" as possible.

In Germany at least there is no "former use" of sodium lamps on streets,

conrarily, they are used more and more. The classical low pressure

sodium lamps are phased out of use.

Georg

 

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posted on 2010-10-31 13:01:32 | Report abuse

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Jon-Richfield says:

Georg, could you please clarify some of your points?

 

You say: ‘Sodium lamps ... work at a rather high pressure, in order to have as much "pressure line broadening” as possible. ‘ At first I was puzzled at your apparently not knowing that there were different kinds of sodium lamps, for example LPS and HPS, which certainly do not both strive after pressure line broadening. Then you later referred to LPS in a different context, but not the context under discussion.

 

I cannot remember anyone asking about German lamps in particular, and you do not explain why you mentioned them in particular. You also said that ‘In Germany at least there is no "former use" of sodium lamps on streets, conrarily, they are used more and more.” No doubt. I have not been in Germany lately and am happy to take your word for that. No doubt as newer technologies come to the fore they will be used less and less.

 

However, the lamps under discussion were the vividly yellow LPS lamps, and you then say, surprisingly in the light of your foregoing statements: “The classical low pressure sodium lamps are phased out of use”. It is not clear in context why you denied the “former use”. Please explain. In particular please explain what it was that you seemed to intend to contradict, or if not, what you intended to say at all.

 

For my part, I do not think that the phasing out of the LPS is such a good idea during the period in question anyway. They were cheap, effective, long-lived, and very efficient in comparison to HPS lamps. They don’t seem to interfere with astronomy as badly as their rivals. They were not especially pretty, but I suspect that even today intelligent planning could make good use of a mixed system, with LPS in combination with other lamp designs. Granted, “intelligent planning” is a big ask... (On balance, for example because of improved lamp life, more recent advances, such as fully practical induction lamps or possibly LEDs might be better, but they were not available at the time I mentioned. In the long term there always is improvement, though the long term sometimes is very long.)

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posted on 2010-10-31 20:33:24 | Report abuse


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StewartH status says:

I don't think this has anything to do with the lamp itself. I think that what you are seeing is an after image created when the light is suddenly put out. The colour of the after image will depend upon the color content of the light from the lamp which will depend on type of coating on the inside of the tube. This is much the sam effect that you get if you shine any bright light in your eye and then suddenly turn the light out. The after image will probably last for about 1/25th of a second and will look like a flash to you.

 

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posted on 2010-09-10 00:59:46 | Report abuse


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