The sound of things travelling through the air vary with many factors such as size, but ither things being equal, most of the production of sound involves air moving over and round surfaces until back-pressure builds up and the direction of travel changes. That swapping of directions and pressures creates the vibration that comprises the sound.

The faster you move, generally the faster the pressures build up and therefore the faster the directions changes, creating faster fluttering, ie a higher-pitched sound.

There are many variations on the theme in practice. For instance, changing how hard one blows into or across a wind instrument can change the resonance of the tones in a tube, such as in a flute. You might be able to think of other examples, such as the reeds of an oboe or bassoon.