Some sources say that carbon dioxide has no taste or smell but others say that it is acid/sour (this is the same word in German).
I think the latter are right in every aspect because if you open a bottle of sparkling water and let the gas above the water into your mouth it definitely tastes sour.
But why are there sources that say it has no taste or smell? Do they just mean you can't smell it in the concentration in which it is present in rather bad air? Or do they mean that the gas itself is neutral to our receptors, and they respond only to the carbic acid it forms with water? But it would be rather difficult to try to smell/taste DRY carbon dioxide, wouldn't it?
You are quite correct in every way. I have worked with carbon dioxide in sizable quantities because it is an excellent anaesthetic for insects (don't try it on mammals!!!) I can assure you that it is nothing like odourless in high concentrations; apart from anything else, enough can dissolve in your saliva to make your mouth taste of soda water, and a face-full of CO2 can send you staggering back. Not as bad as ammonia, but fairly shocking all the same. (DON'T try ANY of this at home folks! The stuff is seriously dangerous under the wrong circumstances, and the circumstances are not always obvious. World wide, a shocking number of seasoned workers have killed themselves with CO2 without even realising that they were at risk.)
At safe concentrations and even low dangerous concentrations, CO2 has no detectable, or at least obvious, smell. I assume that this is what all those textbooks mean, but, like you, I have always found that routine assurance mildly, but markedly, irritating.
BTW, physiological effects of CO2 vary with concentrations as well. Too little suppresses both breathing and the free flow of blood in small vessels. The right amount dilates the vessels, encourages breathing, even being likely to cause panicky breathing as the concentrations becomes excessive. At higher concentrations it begins to suppess breathing again, so don't make any facile assumptions about concentrations in confined spaces!
"At safe concentrations and even low dangerous concentrations, CO2 has no detectable, or at least obvious, smell."
Does that mean than when you open a bottle of sparkling water you get a DANGEROUS concentration and it might not be harmless to enjoy that sour-fresh taste? Or at least one should be careful not to let it into the lungs?
Tsk tsk!!! You have a habit of asking the most embarrassing questions in the most innocent possible way! :-)
Your point is well taken. What did I mean by "dangerous concentration" (or whatever term I used) ?
I meant more or less, that if you were forced to breathe that atmosphere only, and breathe it for a while, and not just catch a whiff of that atmosphere on your tongue, the results would be untoward. If you could see CO2 as plainly as we can see say NO2, you would be able to see that what you smelled comprised inhomogeneous wafting wisps of gas, not a uniform atmosphere of several percent of CO2. That also is why when you move the bottle away from your face, the smell goes away. Your average concentration of inhaled gas was quite safe.
Incidentally, in this respect CO2 differes from CO. It is now plain that CO does permanent damage to various tissues, particularly nervous tissue; CO2, as long as you stop before you get brain damage, diffuses pretty harmlessly out of your system.
This is an example of where one's choice of the academically correct term makes a difference. Acidity is independent of taste certainly, as I understood you to intend to say, rightly referring to the concentration of H ions. However, taste and acid are not independent at all. Taste is also a function of the anions, such as citrate, phosphate, chloride, or nitrate (BEWARE! Do not experiment with the tastes unless you know exactly what you are doing!!! You could either kill yourself or do yourself lasting harm. Many of the common anions are drastically poisonous.)
So for example, hydrogen citrate, carbonate, or phosphate do not taste the same as chloride, chromate, or permanganate. You cannot make a decent cola soft drink by substituting say sulphuric acid for phosphoric acid, even at an appropriately reduced concentration and appropriate buffering. Nor will a sherbet taste the same if you substitute citrate for tartrate, even though both can make perfectly good sherbets.
Translatrix, I think a few of us are badly at cross purposes.
Firstly, you ask about acids that do not have sour tastes. Quite a few weak acids, compounds whose reactions with various bases are characteristically acid, affect the pH too weekly to have any significantly sour taste. Consider the taste of silicic acid for example. (I will not ask you to assess the taste of hydrocyanic acid, but I can assure you that its dominant taste is not one of acidity.)However, when I said that the acidity (as opposed to acid) was independent of taste, I had made the mistake of uncritically adopting the term used in the contribution to which I was replying. What I meant was to respond to the statement that the concentration of hydrogen ions generally determines the degree of sourness. (There are certain reservations even to this of course, because all sorts of factors, physiological and subjective, can affect tastes, including sourness. However, I do not think that any of us really see this as relevant to the matter under discussion.)
The point I was making (or trying to make) was that the anions of many acids affect their tastes in ways that have little to do with their pH, while their sourness is practically a function of their pH, down to a fairly low pH. Beyond a certain point one can no longer make fine distinctions of course.