I've just read your excellent book and have enjoyed it thoroughly
However the answer to the title question left me wondering a little as to be honest the answers given were more of a "why doesn't a Penguin lose too much heat through it's feet."
I've worked in a frozen food vendor and I know that on Mondays when the freezers were right down to temperature of near -30 I would stick to surfaces if I was daft enough to touch them (it had to be tried - not that I'm recommending it!).
I know really cold snow is powdery, but still that layer of cells in contact must be -30 or so on one side and above freezing on the other. Why are they not killed ?
Many animals have dead cells "fur etc." in contact, but not Penguins as far as I know
So if it's OK can I ask it again please
Regards
Andy